1. 37. Another concern occasionally voiced about shared-risk programs is the restriction placed by some programs on patient choice, if one is to qualify for risk-of-failure insurance. Some programs, for example, require that all frozen embryos from a cycle be used before the next cycle is initiated. At least one program requires that some of a patient's eggs be fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) at the discretion of the embryologist. But it is not clear that such practices are against a patients' interest, nor that they are not freely chosen by patients rationally weighing the advantages of this type of insurance. In any event, a particular restriction, such as the use of ICSI when a patient otherwise objects, could be prohibited without prohibiting shared-risk programs. Indeed, the National Advisory Board on the Ethics of Reproduction report on shared-risk, which discusses this issue as one of four main ethical concerns raised by these programs, makes no recommendation, other than disclosure that such restrictions exist. See National Advisory Board on the Ethics of Reproduction Report, supra note 12, at 3.
2. 31. See Levy, , supra note 13.
3. 6. See 1995 Assisted Reproductive Technology Success Rates, supra note 1.
4. 10. See Wozencraft, A. , “It's a Baby, or It's Your Money Back,” New York Times, Aug. 25, 1996, at 3.
5. 32. See Pear, , supra note 4.