Increased long‐distance and homo‐trans interactions related to H3K27me3 in Arabidopsis hybrids

Author:

Gao Zhaoxu1ORCID,Su Yanning1ORCID,Chang Le1ORCID,Jiao Guanzhong1ORCID,Ou Yang1ORCID,Yang Mei1ORCID,Xu Chao1ORCID,Liu Pengtao1ORCID,Wang Zejia1ORCID,Qi Zewen2ORCID,Liu Wenwen1ORCID,Sun Linhua1ORCID,He Guangming1ORCID,Deng Xing Wang13ORCID,He Hang13ORCID

Affiliation:

1. School of Advanced Agriculture Sciences and School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research Peking University Beijing 100871 China

2. College of Grassland Science Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 China

3. Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang Weifang 261325 China

Abstract

ABSTRACTIn plants, the genome structure of hybrids changes compared with their parents, but the effects of these changes in hybrids remain elusive. Comparing reciprocal crosses between Col × C24 and C24 × Col in Arabidopsis using high‐throughput chromosome conformation capture assay (Hi‐C) analysis, we found that hybrid three‐dimensional (3D) chromatin organization had more long‐distance interactions relative to parents, and this was mainly located in promoter regions and enriched in genes with heterosis‐related pathways. The interactions between euchromatin and heterochromatin were increased, and the compartment strength decreased in hybrids. In compartment domain (CD) boundaries, the distal interactions were more in hybrids than their parents. In the hybrids of CURLY LEAF (clf) mutants clfCol × clfC24 and clfC24 × clfCol, the heterosis phenotype was damaged, and the long‐distance interactions in hybrids were fewer than in their parents with lower H3K27me3. ChIP‐seq data revealed higher levels of H3K27me3 in the region adjacent to the CD boundary and the same interactional homo‐trans sites in the wild‐type (WT) hybrids, which may have led to more long‐distance interactions. In addition, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) located in the boundaries of CDs and loop regions changed obviously in WT, and the functional enrichment for DEGs was different between WT and clf in the long‐distance interactions and loop regions. Our findings may therefore propose a new epigenetic explanation of heterosis in the Arabidopsis hybrids and provide new insights into crop breeding and yield increase.

Publisher

Wiley

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