Rhizobacteria Bacillus spp. mitigate osmotic stress and improve seed germination in mustard by regulating osmolyte and plant hormone signaling

Author:

Nivetha Nagarajan12,Asha Arambam Devi1,Krishna Gopinathan Kumar34,Chinnusamy Viswanathan4,Paul Sangeeta1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Division of Microbiology ICAR‐Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi India

2. Research and Development Division, Sea6 Energy Pvt Ltd. C‐CAMP, NCBS‐TIFR Bangalore India

3. Department of Plant Physiology College of Agriculture, KAU Thrissur India

4. Division of Plant Physiology ICAR‐Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi India

Abstract

AbstractDrought, a widespread abiotic stressor, exerts a profound impact on agriculture, impeding germination and plant growth, and reducing crop yields. In the present investigation, the osmotolerant rhizobacteria Bacillus casamancensis strain MKS‐6 and Bacillus sp. strain MRD‐17 were assessed for their effects on molecular processes involved in mustard germination under osmotic stress conditions. Enhancement in germination was evidenced by improved germination percentages, plumule and radicle lengths, and seedling vigor upon rhizobacterial inoculation under no stress and osmotic stress conditions. Under osmotic stress, rhizobacteria stimulated the production of gibberellins and reserve hydrolytic enzymes (lipases, isocitrate lyase, and malate synthase), bolstering germination. Furthermore, these rhizobacteria influenced the plant hormones such as gibberellins and abscisic acid (ABA), as well as signalling pathways, thereby promoting germination under osmotic stress. Reduced proline and glycine betaine accumulation, and down‐regulation of transcription factors BjDREB1_2 and BjDREB2 (linked to ABA‐independent signalling) in rhizobacteria‐inoculated seedlings indicated that bacterial treatment mitigated water deficit stress during germination, independently of these pathways. Hence, the advantageous attributes exhibited by these rhizobacterial strains can be effectively harnessed to alleviate drought‐induced stress in mustard crops, potentially through the development of targeted bio‐formulations.

Funder

Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India

Publisher

Wiley

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