1. Department of Cardiology Hokkaido Cardiovascular Hospital Sapporo Japan
2. Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan
3. Division of Rehabilitation Sapporo Medical University Hospital Sapporo Japan
4. Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Sapporo Japan
5. Department of Rehabilitation Japanese Red Cross Asahikawa Hospital Asahikawa Japan