Screening, characterization and growth of γ-aminobutyric acid-producing probiotic candidates from food origin under simulated colonic conditions

Author:

Mousavi Rojaalsadat1,Mottawea Walid12,Hassan Hebatoallah1,Gomaa Ahmed13,Audet Marie-Claude1,Hammami Riadh14ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada

2. Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Microbiology and Immunology Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt

3. National Research Center Nutrition and Food Science Department Cairo Egypt

4. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada

Abstract

Abstract Aims This study aims to isolate probiotic bacteria candidates from various starter cultures and fermented foods and characterize their ability to produce γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA is a major inhibitory neuromediator of the central and enteric nervous systems with a role in several health disorders. Methods and Results Fourteen strains of lactic acid bacteria were isolated from food environment and screened for the presence of the glutamate decarboxylase (gadB) gene using PCR and GAD enzymatic assay. The identified potent GABA-producers included Strep. thermophilus, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Lact. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus. GC-FID analyses confirmed the high GABA production capacity of Strep. thermophilus ST16 (1641.5 ± 154.15 μmol l−1), Strep. thermophilus ST8 (1724.5 ± 48.08 μmol/L). To a lesser extent, Bif. animalis ST20, Lact. acidophilus LP16-2 and Ent. faecium ST3 produced 947.5 ± 70.71, 918.0 ± 121.42, and 907.83 ± 55.15 μmol/L of GABA, respectively. These potent strains were able to grow and produce GABA in MRS broth and pre-fermented Macfarlane broth, the latter medium mimicking the nutrient and metabolome composition encountered in the colon. The identified bioactive strains exhibited strong biological safety and probiotic potential profiles as indicated by sensitivity to antibiotics, absence of virulence factors and survival in gastrointestinal conditions. Conclusions Several GABA producing probiotic candidates, including Bif. animals ST20, Strep. thermophilus ST8, Lact. acidophilus LP16-2, L. plantarum LP6 & LP9, and Ent. faecium ST3, have shown potential to grow under simulated colonic conditions. Significance and Impact of Study Findings from this study provide evidence of the suitability of the isolated GABA-producing probiotic candidates for the development of health-oriented functional food products.

Funder

Canadian Tri-Agency (i.e., CIHR, NSERC, and SSHRC) Institutional Program

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada

University of Ottawa

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,General Medicine,Biotechnology

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