Affiliation:
1. Department of Biological Science, ESALQ University of São Paulo Piracicaba São Paulo Brazil
2. Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Department of Plant Biology University of Campinas Campinas São Paulo Brazil
3. Department of Plant Pathology, ESALQ University of São Paulo Piracicaba São Paulo Brazil
Abstract
AbstractAsian grapevine leaf rust (AGLR), caused by Neophysopella tropicalis, is a problem for viticulture, especially in latitudes lower than 25° S, which include the most significant production regions in Brazil. Climate change has raised new concerns in agriculture as temperature can affect the resistance of plants to pathogens. With the aim of understanding how air temperature rise affects the AGLR pathosystem, measurements of leaf gas exchange and epidemiological and histopathological analyses were carried out on control and inoculated leaves of Vitis labrusca ‘Niagara Rosada’ grown at 25°C and 30°C. The lesion density and rust severity were higher at 25°C than 30°C, and the ratio between adaxial surface necrosis and the abaxial surface area occupied by pustules was >1 only at 30°C, presenting a necrosis not associated to the pathogen lesion. In fact, leaf necrosis was identified on control plants kept at 30°C and associated with gerontoplasts, representing accelerated leaf senescence. The AGLR pathogen reduced gas exchange and photosystem II activities at 25°C, with no difference between control and inoculated plants at 30°C. Our results indicate that AGLR is sensitive to increasing air temperature. However, the accelerated leaf senescence caused by the combination of N. tropicalis infection and temperature on Niagara Rosada can lead to high leaf damage.
Funder
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
Subject
Horticulture,Plant Science,Genetics,Agronomy and Crop Science