1. Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima Higashi 739‐8526 Japan
2. Department of Earth and Planetary Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo 7‐3‐1 Hongo Tokyo Bunkyo‐ku 113‐0033 Japan
3. Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute 1‐1‐1 Kouto Sayo Hyogo 679‐5198 Japan
4. National Institute of Polar Research Tokyo 190‐8518 Japan
5. Department of Polar Science School of Multidisciplinary Science SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies) Tokyo 190‐8518 Japan
6. Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) Kochi Nankoku 783‐8502 Japan
7. Geodynamics Research Center Ehime University Matsuyama 790‐8577 Japan
8. Department of Earth Sciences Graduate School of Science Tohoku University Sendai 980‐8578 Japan
9. Department of Chemistry Gakushuin University 1‐5‐1 Mejiro Tokyo Toshima‐ku 171‐8588 Japan
10. Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences Tohoku University Sendai 980‐8578 Japan
11. UVSOR Synchrotron Facility Institute for Molecular Science Okazaki Aichi 444‐8585 Japan
12. Marine Works Japan Kochi Nankoku 783‐8502 Japan