1. I define an established democracy as any independent country that was a consolidated democracy by 1962 and has remained so ever since.
2. Alan Renwick, Chris Hanretty and David Hine, ‘Partisan Self-Interest and Electoral Reform: The New Italian Electoral Law of 2005’, Electoral Studies, forthcoming.
3. Josep M. Colomer, ‘The Strategy and History of Electoral System Choice’, in Colomer, Handbook of Electoral System Choice, pp. 3–78, at pp. 74–6.
4. Richard S. Katz, ‘Reforming the Italian Electoral Law, 1993’, in Shugart and Wattenberg, Mixed-Member Electoral Systems, pp. 96–122.