1. 1. The material used in this paper was gathered while working on a wider four-year project under the direction of W. E. J. McCarthy, concerned with analysing change in trade unions. W. E. J. McCarthy and V. Ellis made many helpful comments on this paper but any errors etc., still in this paper are the author's responsibility.
2. Democracy in a National Union: The British A.E.U.;Edelstein;Industrial Relations
3. 5. Comparative Union Democracy, p. 280.