1. In fact, in most states in the USA, where the natural father usually has initial parental responsibility, if the sperm recipient is a married woman, her husband is considered the legal, initial father of the child (not the adoptive father). In the USA, the sperm donor is usually not deemed the ‘natural father’ of the resulting child: ‘The donor of semen provided to a licensed physician for use in artificial insemination of a woman other than the donor's wife is treated in law as if he were not the natural father of a child thereby conceived’ (Cal. Civ. Code s 7005[b]).
2. Parents’ Rights and the Value of the Family
3. I suppose this claim can be challenged but I think that the attachment problems that children who lack a sustained caregiver experience will make that sort of challenge very challenging to support.
4. In the Matter of Baby M. 109 N.J. 396, 537 A.2d (N.J. 1988).