Morphoanatomical and biochemical changes in Zeyheria tuberculosa exposed to glyphosate drift

Author:

Freitas-Silva Larisse de12,Castro Naila Diniz e1,Campos da Silva Luzimar1

Affiliation:

1. Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

2. Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, 44380-000 Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Brazil.

Abstract

When glyphosate is applied, some of the herbicide can reach adjacent vegetation and impact the natural plant community structure and diversity over the long term. This study evaluated the response of leaves of Zeyheria tuberculosa (Vell.) Bureau ex Verl. (Bignoniaceae) to the herbicide glyphosate. Plants were exposed to aerial applications of the herbicide at concentrations of 0, 360, 720, 1080, or 1440 g acid equivalent (a.e.)·ha−1. The concentrations of shikimic acid in leaves of the herbicide-treated plants were always higher than the controls. Visual symptoms became apparent four days after the application of 720 g·ha−1. Glyphosate induced an increase in malondialdehyde in Z. tuberculosa leaves. The lowest levels of chlorophyll a were found for the three last applied doses, and protein content decreased with the glyphosate treatment. Necrosis was observed on the epidermis and in the mesophyll. Glandular trichomes were also plasmolyzed. On the midrib there was plasmolysis of non-lignified cells. Micromorphologically, there were cell plasmolysis and rupture of glandular trichomes. Thus, glyphosate is phytotoxic to Z. tuberculosa by causing biochemical, anatomical, and morphological changes. The morphoanatomical injuries found on Z. tuberculosa were severe, suggesting that the presence of glyphosate can irreversibly affect this species and compromise its survival.

Publisher

Canadian Science Publishing

Subject

Plant Science,Ecology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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