1. Centre for Fisheries Ecosystems Research, Fisheries and Marine Institute of Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
2. DECOD (Ecosystem Dynamics and Sustainability), Ifremer, INRAE, Institut Agro, ZI Pointe du Diable, Plouzané, France
3. Institute of Marine Research, PO Box 1870, N-5817; Bergen, Norway
4. Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS, Canada
5. Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin, Unité Phytness, Ifremer—Centre de Bretagne, 29280 Plouzané, France