Environmental DNA (eDNA) applications in freshwater fisheries management and conservation in Canada: overview of current challenges and opportunities

Author:

Bernos Thaïs A.12ORCID,Yates Matthew C.3ORCID,Docker Margaret F.4,Fitzgerald Amy5,Hanner Robert6ORCID,Heath Daniel3,Imrit Arshad7,Livernois John8,Myler Erika6,Patel Keta3,Sharma Sapna7ORCID,Young Robert6,Mandrak Nicholas E.2

Affiliation:

1. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

2. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Scarborough, ON, Canada

3. Department of Integrative Biology, Windsor University, Windsor, ON, Canada

4. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

5. Department of Sociology and Criminology, Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, Windsor University, Windsor, ON, Canada

6. Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada

7. Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada

8. Department of Economics and Finance, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada

Abstract

Environmental DNA (eDNA) monitoring methods have played a significant role in improving fisheries management decisions. Yet, their impact to date has been rather limited in Canada, where eDNA sampling and analyses are only beginning to be used to inform management and conservation decisions, practices, and policies. Studies investigating hurdles to the incorporation of eDNA evidence into fisheries management decisions generally focus on technical challenges (i.e., risks of false-positive and false-negative detections). We set out to identify challenges that eDNA researchers and conservation practitioners must overcome to fully unlock the benefits of eDNA sampling for fish management in the Canadian context. We discuss aspects of the broad and heterogeneous geography, preponderance of regions located far from densely populated areas, complex political landscape, and cultural diversity of Canada that may complicate the design of reliable eDNA monitoring tools or restrict their use if not adequately addressed. To advocate for the wider use of eDNA sampling, we outline a number of action items that would facilitate the broad adoption of eDNA sampling as a monitoring tool at the Canadian scale.

Publisher

Canadian Science Publishing

Subject

Aquatic Science,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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