A model for analyzing water reuse and resource recovery potential in urban areas

Abstract

Expansion and densification of urbanized areas can lead to increased pressure on an area’s water and wastewater infrastructure. This paper presents an optimization model using geographic information systems to locate potential sources and sinks of reclaimed water within an urbanized area. A mathematical solver then maximizes the water reuse using a set of constraints on mass balance, water quality, and electricity used for pumping. Three variations of the model are applied to Vancouver, British Columbia. The first scenario identifies a number of potential industrial sources and sinks for direct cascading with a total potential water savings of 133 400 m3/year. With the implementation of a satellite water reclamation facility in scenario 2, water recycling potential is increased to a maximum of 613 800 m3/year. Scenario 3 expands to include the non-industrial water users and the potential for water reuse is increased to a maximum of 969 200 m3/year.