Impact of residential infiltration-reducing energy conservation measures on indoor air quality and potential health effects

Abstract

Theoretical and reported impacts of infiltration-reducing energy conservation measures on indoor air quality in residential buildings are reviewed. Though it is widely held that energy conservation measures either cause or contribute to indoor air pollution and possible adverse health effects, the relationship is a relatively complex one. Potential effects of energy conservation measures depend on the nature of individual contaminants, their sources, and responses to changes in infiltration and ventilation conditions. For contaminants such as formaldehyde, volatile organic compounds, and radon, infiltration-reducing energy conservation measures appear to have limited effects on contaminant levels and potential health risks. Moisture is a major concern because decreased ventilation associated with energy conservation measures may result in increased indoor water vapor levels that may provide a favorable environment for allergen-producing dust mites and mold, as well as structural damage. As with other contaminants, the relationship between energy conservation measures and indoor moisture levels is relatively complex.Key words: infiltration, ventilation, indoor air quality, energy conservation, radon, formaldehyde.