Undrained shear strength properties of organic harbor mud at low consolidation stress levels

Abstract

Dredging operations in European harbors for maintenance of navigable water depth produce vast amounts of harbor mud. Between 2005 and 2007, the second largest harbor construction project in Germany was designed as a pilot study, using dredged harbor mud as backfill material to avoid expensive deposition or ex situ treatment. During this project, strong surface deformations of the backfill highlighted the need for an improved assessment of undrained shear strength of naturally liquid harbor mud. The strength of harbor mud cannot be measured accurately under corresponding low in situ effective stress levels by standard laboratory tests. Therefore, a large-scale oedometer cell with a diameter of 22 cm was designed, providing the opportunity to perform vane shear measurements during consolidation. This study shows that East Harbor mud is a very sensitive, organogenic clay of extremely high plasticity, exhibiting very small undrained shear strength when compared with other cohesive soils. Both the peak and residual undrained shear strengths are shown to increase about 3%–4% per log-cycle increase in secondary compression time (days).