Author:
Bégin Christian,Filion Louise
Abstract
Genetically determined rules underlying black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) morphological development were revealed by using tree architecture analysis. Black spruce develops according to Rauh's model. Its relatively simple and well-hierarchized architecture comprises four categories of axes (A1-A4) and three distinct branching levels. First- and second-order axes (the trunk and branches) are monopodial, orthotropic structures with rhythmic growth and branching, and an unlimited life-span (or only limited by tree longevity). They are mainly devoted to spatial exploration and occupation. Axes A3 and A4 are monopodial, plagiotropic structures with a limited life-span, which are devoted to assimilation and reproduction. Female cones develop in terminal position on A3, whereas male reproductive structures develop in terminal or lateral position on A4. Reiteration (or duplication of axes) capacity is an important feature of the architecture of black spruce. Adaptive reiteration processes allow trees to renew their foliage and to reproduce vegetatively through layering. Traumatic reiteration processes tend to restore the tree's original architecture by replacing injured axes or parts of axes. In both cases, replicas originate from dormant buds located at the bottom of growth units (deferred or proleptic reiteration) or from growing axes (immediate or sylleptic reiteration).Key words: black spruce, growth form, tree architecture, architectural model, reiteration processes.
Publisher
Canadian Science Publishing
Cited by
18 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献