Gastroprotective activity of Loranthus acaciae flower extract in a rodent model of ethanol-induced ulcer

Author:

Abbas Manal A.1,Kandil Yasser I.2,Disi Ahmad M.3,Jaffal Sahar M.3

Affiliation:

1. Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, 19328 Amman, Jordan.

2. Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, 19328 Amman, Jordan; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.

3. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, the University of Jordan, 11942 Amman, Jordan.

Abstract

Loranthus acaciae (Loranthaceae) is a perennial green semi-parasitic plant used in ethnopharmacological medicine for healing wounds. The protective effect of L. acaciae on gastric ulcer induced by ethanol was investigated in a rat model. Ulcer index and total glutathione level were measured and histological and immunohistochemical studies for the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 were performed. Furthermore, chemical constituents of the flower extract were analyzed. Ulcer index was significantly lowered in L. acaciae-treated groups. Protection ratios were 75.9%, 98.9%, and 70.7% for 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of L. acaciae and 40 mg/kg of esomeprazole, respectively. Histological examination revealed fewer hemorrhage in mucosa and less edema in submucosa of L. acaciae-treated groups compared with control. In the esomeprazole-treated group, there was mild disruption in the surface epithelium and mild hemorrhage. However, edema and leucocytes infiltration in the submucosa layer were present. Immunohistochemical staining of stomach sections for cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was negative in the control group as well as in the L. acaciae-treated groups. Total glutathione level in mucosa layer of the stomach was higher in L. acaciae-treated groups compared with control. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis revealed the presence of loranthin and rutin as the major constituents. It can be concluded that L. acaciae imparted a gastroprotective action against ethanol-induced ulcer in rats. Novelty 500 mg/kg L. acaciae protected the stomach by 98.9% from ulcerogenic effect of ethanol. L. acaciae increased total glutathione level but not COX-2 expression in gastric mucosa. Loranthin and rutin were the major constituents in L. acaciae flower extract.

Publisher

Canadian Science Publishing

Subject

Physiology (medical),Nutrition and Dietetics,Physiology,General Medicine,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

Reference30 articles.

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2. Ali-Shtayeh, M.S., Jamous, R.M., and Abu-Zeitoun, S.Y. 2014. National list of medicinal plants in Palestine-west bank and Gaza strip. Biodiversity and Environmental Research Centre, Til, Nablus, Palestine, pp. 14.

3. Loranthin: A new polyhydroxylated flavanocoumarin from Plicosepalus acacia with significant free radical scavenging and antimicrobial activity

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