Why do team-sport athletes drink fluid in excess when exercising in cool conditions?

Abstract

This study assessed the potential physiological and perceptual drivers of fluid intake and thirst sensation during intermittent exercise. Ten male rugby players (17 ± 1 years, stature: 179.1 ± 4.2 cm, body mass (BM): 81.9 ± 8.1 kg) participated in six 6-min small-sided games, interspersed with 2 min rest, where fluid intake was ad libitum during rest periods. Pre- and postmeasurements of BM, subjective ratings (thirst, thermal comfort, thermal sensation, mouth dryness), plasma osmolality (POsm), serum sodium concentration (S[Na+]), haematocrit and haemoglobin (to calculate plasma volume change; PV) were taken. Fluid intake was measured during rest periods. BM change was –0.17 ± 0.59% and fluid intake was 0.88 ± 0.38 L. Pre- to post-POsm decreased (–3.1 ± 2.3 mOsm·kg−1; p = 0.002) and S[Na+] remained similar (–0.3 ± 0.7 mmol·L−1, p = 0.193). ΔPV was 5.84 ± 3.65%. Fluid intake displayed a relationship with pre-POsm (r = –0.640, p = 0.046), prethermal comfort (r = 0.651; p = –0.041), ΔS[Na+] (r = 0.816, p = 0.004), and ΔPV (r = 0.740; p = 0.014). ΔThirst sensation displayed a relationship with premouth dryness (r = 0.861, p = 0.006) and Δmouth dryness (r = 0.878, p = 0.004). Yet a weak positive relationship between Δthirst sensation and fluid intake was observed (r = 0.085, p = 0.841). These data observed in an ambient temperature of 13.6 ± 0.9 °C, suggest team-sport athletes drink in excess of fluid homeostasis requirements and thirst sensation in cool conditions; however, this was not influenced by thermal discomfort.