Some 6,6-disubstituted 2,4-cyclohexadien-1-ones and the facial selectivity in their Diels–Alder reactions with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate

Abstract

6,6-Disubstituted 2,4-cyclohexadien-1-ones can be prepared by dibromination–bisdehydrobromination of the corresponding 6,6-disubstituted 2,2-dibromocyclohexanones. Such dienes undergo Diels–Alder reactions with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate to give 3,3-disubstituted 5,6-di(methoxycarbonyl)bicyclo[2.2.2]octa-5,7-dien-2-ones; when the substituents at C-6 in the dienones are different, two diastereomers of the adducts are formed in a ratio dependent on the "facial selectivity" in the Diels–Alder reactions. For the cases where one of the 6-substituents is methyl and the other is methoxycarbonyl, acetoxymethyl, dibromomethyl, or dichloromethyl it has been established via X-ray crystallography and chemical correlation that the endo-3-methyl/exo-3-methyl product ratio is 3.0, 0.9, 8, and 6, respectively. The origin of these differences is discussed briefly and a spectroscopic method for the assignment of structures to the individual diastereomers is proposed. Keywords: Diels–Alderreactions, substituted 2,4-cyclohexadien-1-ones, facial selectivity, dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate.