D-genome suppression of gliadin electrophoretic band 45 in hexaploid wheat and the effect upon quality

Abstract

The hexaploid wheat 'Prelude' (2n = 42 = AABBDD) contains the endosperm protein electrophoretic band 40, but not band 45, while the extracted tetraploid 'Tetraprelude' (2n = 28 = AABB) contains electrophoretic band 45 but not band 40. Moreover, F3 progeny from the cross between backcross lines of 'Prelude' and 'Marquis' segregated as if both of these proteins were controlled by alleles of one gene, or by two very closely linked genes. Examination of the F3 seed from the cross 'Prelude' × 'Canthatch' 7D nullisomic showed that band 45 was not expressed in any of the 334 F2 families, including nine nullisomics. Together, these results indicate that band 45 endosperm protein is not suppressed by a gene on chromosome 7D. Furthermore, removal of the D genome from 'Prelude' resulted in increased kernel hardness and increased gluten elastic strength but a decrease in sodium dodecyl sulfate sedimentation volume. However, the sodium dodecyl sulfate sedimentation volume of 'Tetraprelude', was the highest among the tetraploid cultivars evaluated.Key words: wheat, sodium dodecyl sulfate electrophoresis, endosperm protein, gene expression.