1. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
2. Jiangsu Research Center for Geotechnical Engineering Technology, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
3. Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong.