THE HYDROGEN–CHLORINE SYSTEM IN THE MM PRESSURE RANGE: I. ENERGY DISTRIBUTION AMONG VIBRATIONALLY EXCITED STATES

Abstract

When atomic plus molecular hydrogen coming from a Wood's discharge tube are mixed with molecular chlorine, infrared emission is observed (1). At low reagent pressures, ~10−2 mm Hg, this emission can be related to the relative rate of the reaction H + Cl2 → HCl†ν + Cl proceeding to form HCl in vibrationally excited states ν = 1–6, of the ground electronic state. In the present work this system has been investigated for the first time at ~100 × the reagent pressure (~1 mm Hg). The reaction was shown to proceed by a chain mechanism. The translational–rotational temperature was 1300 ± 100 °K under the experimental conditions normally used. The vibrational distribution was notable for the presence of vibrators in levels ν = 7 and 8, which are respectively 4 and 10 kcal higher in energy than the exothermicity of the H + Cl2 reaction. The population in these levels appeared to be related to that in the levels with [Formula: see text]; it was proposed that vibrational–vibrational exchange among these lower levels was responsible for populating the higher ones. A simple model yielded a collision efficiency for HCl†ν=1 + HCl†ν=6 → HCl†ν=7 + HCl†ν=0, of Z1,6t = 6 × 103 collisions per transfer. Addition of HCl to the reaction mixture brought about a redistribution among vibrationally excited states indicative of a fast vibrational transfer, HClν=0 + HCl†ν=2 → 2 HCl†ν=1.At reduced pressure of HCl† the stationary-state distribution among higher vibrational states approximated closely to that observed at 10−2 mm Hg total pressure (where collisional deactivation is insignificant), suggesting that collisional deactivation was not of major importance even at the pressure used in the present work. In order to account for the high translational–rotational temperature, in the absence of substantial vibrational deactivation, it was necessary to suppose that the greater part of the energy liberated by the reaction H + Cl2 went directly into translational and rotational motion of the products.