Avian somatotrophs: differentiation, morphology, distribution, and regulation

Abstract

Growth hormone (GH) is primarily synthesized, stored, and released by pituitary somatotrophs. These cells comprise a highly labile population that continuously undergoes proliferation, differentiation, and morphogenesis in response to changing physiological stimuli. They are also functionally and morphologically heterogeneous with distinct spatial and temporal distribution within the pituitary gland. The characteristics of these cells are discussed in this brief review.Key words: somatotroph, aves, growth hormone, adenohypophysis.