The distribution of sexual reproduction of the geographic parthenogen Eucypris virens (Crustacea: Ostracoda) matches environmental gradients in a temporary lake

Author:

Schmit O.12,Adolfsson S.23,Vandekerkhove J.415,Rueda J.4,Bode S.N.S.67,Rossetti G.1,Michalakis Y.2,Jokela J.3,Martens K.6,Mesquita-Joanes F.4

Affiliation:

1. University of Parma, Department of Environmental Sciences, Viale G.P. Usberti 11A, 43100 Parma, Italy.

2. MIVEGEC, UMR CNRS IRD UMI UMII 5290, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France.

3. EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Aquatic Ecology, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; ETH-Zürich, Institute of Integrative Biology (IBZ), Universitätstrasse 16, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland.

4. University of Valencia, Department of Microbiology and Ecology, Carrer del Doctor Moliner N° 50, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.

5. University of Gdańsk, Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Limnozoology, Kładki 24, 80-822 Gdańsk, Poland.

6. Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Department of Freshwater Biology, rue Vautier 29, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.

7. University of Sheffield, Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.

Abstract

Niche segregation may prevent competitive exclusion and promote local coexistence. This typically results in the occupation of different habitats. In the freshwater ostracod Eucypris virens (Jurine, 1820), the distribution of sexual and parthenogenetic populations in the temporary Lake Caracuel, central Spain, was not homogeneous. Parthenogens were found everywhere including the littoral, whereas sexuals were restricted to the centre. We investigated the hypothesis that spatial distribution responded to ecological differences. We studied the ecological significance of this segregation by linking environmental data to male presence, sexual fraction, ploidy, and genetic structure of our model organism in 12 ponds in the lake basin. Hydro-chemical and biological data indicated that the observed segregation is not only spatial but also ecological, with sexual E. virens occurring in ponds with shorter and probably more unpredictable hydroperiod. The correlations between environmental gradients and E. virens population structure suggest that sexual and parthenogenetic lineages are ecologically segregated. Sexual populations appeared restricted to sufficiently unpredictable environments, while parthenogens dominated environments with longer hydroperiods. Local coexistence seems mediated by spatial heterogeneity in habitat stability.

Publisher

Canadian Science Publishing

Subject

Animal Science and Zoology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

Reference104 articles.

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2. Coexistence of Sexual and ParthenogeneticArtemia Populations in Lake Urmia and Neighbouring Lagoons

3. Ancochea, E. 1983. Evolución espacial y temporal del volcanismo reciente de España Central. Ph.D. thesis, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.

4. Anderson, C.R., Peckarsky, B.L., and Wissinger, S.A. 1999. Tinajas of southeastern Utah: invertebrate reproductive strategies and the habitat templet. In Invertebrates in freshwater wetlands of North America: ecology and management. Edited by D.P. Batzer, R.B. Rader, and S.A. Wissinger. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. pp. 791–810.

5. APHA-AWWA-WEF. 1992. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 18th ed. American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C.

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