Measurements of the shape of ionospheric irregularities using satellite transmissions

Abstract

Amplitude and phase scintillations were observed in the radio signals propagated at a frequency of 40 MHz from a satellite to two stations on the ground separated by a distance of about 10 km. By comparison of the signal fluctuations at the two stations the size and shape of F-region ionospheric irregularities were deduced. The lengths of irregularities oriented along the magnetic field ranged from 3 to 30 km with axial ratios of 11 to 60.