Facile synthesis of bromelain copper nanoparticles to improve the primordial therapeutic potential of copper against acute myocardial infarction in diabetic rats

Abstract

Our current investigation comprises the synthesis and pharmacological impact of bromelain copper nanoparticles (BrCuNP) against diabetes mellitus (DM) and associated ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) – induced myocardial infarction. Bromelain is a proteolytic enzyme obtained from Ananas comosus L. Merr., which has blood platelet aggregation inhibiting and arterial thrombolytic potential. Moreover, copper is well-known to facilitate glucose metabolism and strengthen cardiac muscle and antioxidant activity; although, chronic or long-term exposure to high doses of copper may lead to copperiedus. To restrict these potential hazards, we synthesized herbal nano-formulation which convincingly indicated the improved primordial therapeutic potential of copper by reformulating the treatment carrier with bromelain, resulting in facile synthesis of BrCuNP. DM was induced by administration of double cycle repetitive dose of low dose streptozotocin (20 mg/kg, i.p.) in high-fat diet- fed animals. DM and associated myocardial I/R injury were estimated by increased serum levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase myocardial band, cardiac troponin, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, and reduced serum level of high-density lipoprotein and nitrite/nitrate concentration. However, treatment with BrCuNP ameliorates various serum biomarkers by approving cardioprotective potential against DM- and I/R-associated injury. Furthermore, upturn of histopathological changes were observed in cardiac tissue of BrCuNP-treated rats in comparison to disease models.