Dispersion modes of hot plasma for a Schwarzschild – de Sitter horizon in a Veselago medium

Abstract

Herein, we analyze the dispersion modes of hot plasma around the Schwarzschild – de Sitter event horizon in the presence of a Veselago medium (left-handed). For this purpose, we apply Arnowitt, Deser, and Misner 3+1 formalism to develop general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (GRMHD) equations for the Schwarzschild – de Sitter space–time. Implementation of linear perturbation yields perturbed GRMHD equations that are used for the Fourier analysis of rotating (nonmagnetized and magnetized) plasma. Wave analysis is described by the graphical representation of the wave vector, refractive index, change in refractive index, and phase and group velocities. The outcome of this work supports the validity of a Veselago medium.