1. Faculty of Medicine,
2. Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation,
3. Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine,
4. Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
5. Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
6. University Health Network/Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
7. Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, and
8. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
9. Department of Radiology and Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia;
10. Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; and
11. Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
12. Department of Critical Care Medicine and
13. Scarborough Health Network Research Institute, Scarborough Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;