1. Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine,
2. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, and
3. Department of Anesthesia, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
4. The Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts;
5. ICES Central, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
6. Division of Cardiology, Schulich Heart Program and
7. Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and
8. Department of Critical Care Medicine and
9. O’Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada