1. Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts;
2. Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts;
3. Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts;
4. Center for Geographic Analysis, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; and
5. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts