Learnings from the Grand Rapids Field Trial of Tubing Deployed Inflow Control Devices for SAGD Application

Abstract

Abstract Field trials of tubing deployed Inflow Control Devices (ICDs) were conducted at the Grand Rapids SAGD Pilot from 2014 to 2016. The objective of the trials were to evaluate the flow performance of ICDs in a tubing deployed completion and assess improvements to thermal conformance. Key performance metrics were established to monitor changes in well performance, including production rates, thermal conformance, steam production and Steam to Oil Ratio (SOR). A comprehensive study was undertaken after the trials concluded. Multiple approachs were taken including analytical representations and simulations. The purpose of the study was to improve understanding of the underlying physics that govern flow and thermodynamic behavior of ICDs. The study specifically addressed restriction effects for various inflow conditions, steam flashing effects through the devices and heat exchange effects associated with the completion design. The results of the study identify some design principles that may be used for future application of ICDs in SAGD wells. Well Pairs 1 and 2 at the Grand Rapids Pilot project were used to test different ICD completions in a SAGD well pair. The Well Pair 1 field trial began first and lasted seven months. Learnings from the Well Pair 1 trial were extended to the Well Pair 2 trial which lasted 18 months. Flowing and shut-in temperature profiles were collected to understand near wellbore conditions and 4D seismic was used to ascertain changes to thermal conformance in the reservoir. Analytical and numerical models were developed to match field observations from the trial. Results from the field trial provided unique learnings with respect to the benefits that tubing deployed ICD systems may provide for SAGD wells. Changes in conformance and temperature distribution in the lateral sections were noted with little to no uplifts in oil rates or SOR. Once the trials were complete, all ICDs were removed from both well pairs and subject to visual inspections. Thereafter, a sample population of devices underwent a series of tests to evaluate mechanical integrity. The tests also characterized any changes to ICD flow relationships before and after the trial. Inspections of the devices post-operation provided crucial learnings on the mechanical integrity of such systems.