Investigation of Oil Presence and Wettability Restoration Effects on Sulfonated Polymer Retention in Carbonates Under Harsh Conditions

Abstract

Abstract Polymer flooding in carbonate reservoirs is greatly affected by polymer retention, which is mainly due to polymer-rock surface interactions. Consequently, this leads to a delay in polymer front propagation and related oil recovery response. This work investigates the effect of oil presence and wettability restoration on polymer retention under harsh reservoir conditions of high temperature and high salinity (HTHS). An ATBS-based polymer was used for this study. Polymer single- and two-phase dynamic retention tests as well as bulk- and in-situ rheological experiments were conducted on Indiana limestone outcrops and in the presence of high salinity brine of 243,000 ppm at temperature of 50 °C. A total of four coreflooding experiments were conducted on core samples with similar petrophysical properties. Bulk rheology tests showed that the polymer is stable at HTHS conditions. Also, polymer retention and in-situ rheology tests highlighted the significance of oil presence in the core samples where retention was found to be around 40-50 and 25-30 μg/g-rock in the absence and presence of oil, respectively. An additional 50% reduction in retention was further observed on a restored wettability (aged) core sample. Polymer inaccessible pore volume (IPV) was found to be high in the range of 23 to 28%, which was supported by the 1D saturation profiles obtained from the CT scanner. The ATBS-based polymer shows excellent results for applications in carbonates under harsh conditions without considerable polymer loss or plugging. This paper also provides valuable insights into the impact of oil presence and wettability restoration on polymer retention. Furthermore, this study shows that careful consideration of the latter factor is necessary to avoid unrepresentative and inflated polymer retention values in oil reservoirs.