Epigallocatechin gallate: a review

Abstract

Epigallocatechin gallate is the major component of the polyphenolic fraction of green tea and is responsible for most of the therapeutic benefits of green tea consumption. A number of preclinical in vivo and in vitro experiments as well as clinical trials have shown a wide range of biological and pharmacological properties of polyphenolic compounds such as anti-oxidative, antimicrobial, anti-allergic, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, chemoprotective, neuroprotective and immunomodulatory effects. Epigallocatechin gallate controls high blood pressure, decreases blood cholesterol and body fat and decreases the risk of osteoporotic fractures. Further research should be performed to monitor the pharmacological and clinical effects of green tea and to more clearly elucidate its mechanisms of action and the potential for its use in medicine.