Common Kilka oil and its primary and secondary oxidative dynamics stabilized by different variants of clove essential oil

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the properties of clove essential oil extracted by different microwave-assisted methods and to evaluate its effects on the stability of common Kilka oil. Each of these methods was hypothesized to yield a clove essential oil that would have a distinguishable composition and effect when added to common Kilka oil by maintaining its oxidative stability. The oxidation of common Kilka oil was examined by accelerated oxidation using the active oxygen method and Rancimat test. The clove essential oil extracted by microwave-assisted hydrodistillation showed the highest induction period according to the active oxygen method (16.56 h) and the Rancimat induction period (3.64 h) in common Kilka oil and its antioxidant activity was comparable to that of BHT (16.59 h and 4.34 h, respectively) and tocopheryl acetate (16.30 h and 4.02 h, respectively). Furthermore, the microwaveassisted hydrodistillation method resulted in the amount of eugenol that exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity for preserving PUFA in common Kilka oil. Ultimately, clove essential oil can become an efficient natural antioxidant for the oxidative stability of common Kilka oil.