Humans are using natural resources at unprecedented rates, a situation that could lead to various global catastrophes. To mitigate eventual consequences, the processes involved must be better understood. Resource use frequently involves groups; thus free-riding behavior must be expected. Exploitation of others’ efforts can dramatically alter how resources are utilized. This chapter argues that exploitation of harvesting efforts can be analyzed as a producer–scrounger evolutionary game. The presence of scroungers (exploiters) in a group usually decreases overall use of resources by the group. Factors that increase the proportion of scroungers can further decrease resource use. By contrast, aggression and the compatibility of scrounger and producer strategies elevate resource use. Encouraging scrounging may lower resource use, but this raises a moral dilemma: individual scrounging is bad, reduced resource overuse by the population is good. The consequences of cheating in natural resource management demands attention in future research.