Prompt diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea in children is essential to prevent multiple health consequences, but distinctive symptoms are scarce. While overnight polysomnography is the standard diagnostic tool, it is not widely available. Nocturnal oximetry, respiratory polygraphy and standardised questionnaires are useful alternatives. Treatment options include positive airway pressure, weight loss interventions and anti-inflammatory treatment with nasal corticosteroids and/or oral montelukast. Combined treatment modalities may improve outcomes.