RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DISEASES OF ORAL MUCOSA AND GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

Abstract

A large number of scientific publications are devoted to diseases of the oral mucosa. This is due to their significant variety, prevalence, complexity of diagnosis and treatment, and medical and social significance as a determinant of precancerous diseases with subsequent malignant transformation. The data of professional studies show that most lesions of the oral mucosa are multifactorial and arise along with pathologies of various organs and systems, in particular, immune, cardiovascular, nervous, endocrine, and quite often, with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The purpose of this study was a retrospective analysis of professional literary sources devoted to a medically and socially relevant issue, the relationship between diseases of the oral mucosa and pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract. Bibliosemantic and analytical methods were used in the study. The analysis of data from the specialized literature shows the variety of diseases of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and their close relationship with general somatic pathology. Clinical observations have revealed a significant correlation between chronic diseases such as gastritis, peptic ulcer disease (in the stomach and duodenum), chronic colitis, and enterocolitis, and various lesions of the oral mucous membrane. The severity of these lesions is dependent on the specific form and duration of the underlying gastrointestinal condition. Scientists attribute this relationship to the similarities in morphological structure, shared functions, common blood supply, and innervation. Professional sources substantiate the role of Helicobacter pylori infection and dysbiosis in the development and progression of oral mucosal lesions. The treatment of oral mucous membrane diseases places a significant emphasis on etiotropic therapy. However, when this approach is not feasible, pathogenetic or symptomatic treatment options are utilized.