ACUTE RESPIRATORY RECURRENT INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN

Abstract

Introduction. Insufficient research work on the study of local immunity in children with frequent respiratory recurrent diseases has become the basis for this work. Goal. To study the negative impact of various pathogenic factors on the formation of acute respiratory recurrent infections in children. Materials and methods. 201 children under 3 years of age and 219 children from 3 to 7 years old who attended children's preschools in Kyiv were observed in the dynamics. Indices of local immunity, by the content of immunoglobulins in the secretion of the nasal passages, were studied in comparison with the data of the anamnesis and clinical examination of children; with functional condition of the nasal mucosa (presence of catarrhal phenomena); with the presence and excretion of viral and bacterial microflora in the upper respiratory tract; with the presence of chronic foci of infection in the nasopharynx (tonsillitis, adenotonitis); with a period that has elapsed after preventive vaccinations and transferred respiratory diseases. Research results. Based on the obtained data, changes in local immunity in the examined children were detected under the influence of factors of external and internal environment: birth of children from pathological pregnancy and childbirth; presence of hypochromic anemia, exudative diathesis, chronic tonsillitis of staphylococcal etiology, adenotonsillitis, recurrent and asthmatic bronchitis in children; high infection rate of children with viruses, pathogenicity of pathogenic staphylococcus and streptococcus, fungi of the genus Candida. It was found that the lowest frequency of detection of immunoglobulins of all classes was observed in children with streptococcus in pharynx and its associations with staphylococcus. Conclusions. The published data on the value of local immunity in terms of immunoglobulins in children with frequent respiratory recurrent diseases and its tendency to various changes under the influence of external and internal environmental factors indicate the feasibility of improving treatment and prevention measures, which include the use of agents that enhance the effectiveness of local respiratory protection.