EVALUATION OF LOCAL THERAPEUTIC AGENTS IN ANIMALS WITH EXPERIMENTAL PERIODONTITIS

Abstract

Main etiological factor in the development of generalized periodontitis is considered to be the presence of periodontopathogens of the red complex, namely Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Bacteroides forsythus in the oral cavity. Among the widely used local therapeutic agents for periodontal diseases, researchers highlight chlorhexidine. Chlorhexidine is available in the form of toothpaste, mouthwashes, gels, sprays, and inserts (PerioChip). In dentistry, the antiseptic is commonly applied in concentrations of 0.2%, 0.12%, and 0.06%. The aim of this study was to propose and evaluate new local therapeutic agents in experimental animals with modeled chronic periodontitis. The study included 36 experimental animals. We suggested using an insert with subgingival application, soaked with chlorhexidinebased official products – Dentaid Perio-Aid Gel and Perio-Aid Protect Gel. The animals were divided into groups as follows: Group I intact rats, Group II modeled periodontal pathology without treatment on the 7th day of modeling, Group III rats with experimental periodontitis without treatment on the 12th day of modeled pathology, Group IV rats with experimental periodontitis treated with an insert soaked in 0.12% chlorhexidine gel (Dentaid Perio-Aid Gel), and Group V rats with experimental periodontitis treated with an insert soaked in 0.2% chlorhexidine gel + hyaluronic acid (PERIO-AID Protect Gel). The experimental periodontitis was induced using an ultrasonic device. On the 7th and 12th days of the experiment, the rats from Groups IV and V were treated according to the specified scheme, preceded by removal of dental deposits using manual instruments. Group IV was treated with an insert with subgingival application soaked in Dentaid Perio-Aid Gel, and Group V was treated with an insert soaked in Perio-Aid Protect Gel. Euthanasia of the rats and sampling of blood and periodontal tissues (gingiva, alveolar process) were performed on the 7th and 12th days in the animals with modeled periodontitis. The assessment of the modeled pathological process was based on clinical examination and biochemical analysis. After the experiment, it was observed that the probable reduction in antioxidant defense during the treatment of experimental animals with Dentaid Perio-Aid Gel and Perio-Aid Protect Gel, applied on the insert, was associated with a decrease in lipid peroxidation. At the same time, alkaline phosphatase activity increased, both in serum and in the homogenate, which may indicate activation of bone formation processes.