PREVALENCE OF DENTOALVEOLAR ANOMALIES AND PERIODONTAL DISEASES AMONG ADOLESCENTS

Abstract

Relevance of the topic. Dentofacial anomalies are the main dental diseases, characterized by high prevalence. According to modern authors, abnormalities and deformations of the dentoalveolar system in children and adolescents contribute to the deterioration of dental health in the future, causing medical, social and economic damage. The aim of the research was to study the prevalence and structure of dentoalveolar anomalies in adolescents. Material and methods of the reasearch. 1920 teenagers aged from 16 to 17 years were examined. The clinical study was carried out according to the standard protocol, in accordance with the international statistical classification of diseases and health problems (ICD-10), as well as the classification of Angle’s dentoalveolar anomalies. Results and discussion. The study made it possible to establish that the prevalence of dentoalveolar anomalies in adolescents aged 16-17 is 64.32 ± 1. 09% – 1235 people. The most common anomaly of the maxillofacial system is dentoalveolar anomalies, which belong to the first class according to Angle – 506 people, which in a percentage ratio is 26.35 ± 1.01%. The distal bite is in the second place, which corresponds to the 2nd class according to Angle. Its prevalence is 18.23 ± 0.88%, it was detected in 350 examined patients. A deep occlusion in 189 patients was the next in frequency, which was 9.84 ± 0.68%. A shortened bridle of the upper lip was found in 153 adolescents (7.97 ± 0.02%). A shortened frenum of the tongue was detected in 212 adolescents (11.04 ± 0.72%). A small vestibule of the oral cavity was observed in 172 examined, which was 8.96 ± 0.65%. Conclusions: 1. The prevalence of dentoalveolar anomalies in adolescents aged 16-17 is 64.32 ± 1.09%. 2. The most common anomalies of the dentoalveolar system in adolescents are dentoalveolar anomalies, belonging to the I class according to Angle – 26.35 ± 1.01,%. The distal bite was in the second place, which corresponds to the 2nd class according to Angle. Its prevalence is 18.23 ± 0.88%. A deep bite was detected in 9.84 ± 0.68% of the examined. 3. Periodontal diseases were revealed in 56.51 ± 1.13% of adolescents aged 16-17 years