Specific characteristics of rapid diagnosis in periodontology

Abstract

Currently, the advanced studies have been justified and implemented in the Republic of Belarus that enable the production and a practical use of a domestic rapid test and allow dentists to apply microbiological diagnosis methods.The objective of the study was to develop a domestic rapid test for periodontology, indicating the procedure for preparatory clinical and laboratory measures using PCR and trypsin-like activity of periopathogenic microflora (Treponema denticola, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Bacteroides forsythus)Dental examination was performed in 60 patients with clinical signs of generalized periodontitis and a 5‒6 mm deep pathological dentogingival pocket (PDGP), aged 35–44 (the main group), and 140 patients without signs of periodontal diseases, aged 20–24 (the control group). These patients were selected among the visitors of Chair No. 3 of the Belarusian State Medical University. The laboratory diagnosis was made using PCR and evaluating the trypsin-like activity of periopathogenic microflora.The algorithm of preparatory clinical and laboratory measures was suggested for diagnosis of periodontal diseases, including material sampling and identification of periopathogenic microorganisms in the sample using a biochemical method; sampling, preservation and storage of material for quantitative PRC testing; and the identification of the genetic material of periopathogenic microorganisms by means of a real-time quantitative PRC method.The basic principles of microbiological diagnosis in periodontology enable making a true diagnosis, planning treatment and assessing the treatment results.We examined the content of the gingival sulcus and/or the periodontal pocket in patients who have periodontal diseases. It was noted that the most rational tools for removing the periodontal pocket content in patients with periodontal diseases was a paper pin.The development of a domestic express test in periodontology demonstrated the need of preparatory clinical and laboratory activities using PCR and trypsin-like activity of periopathogenic microflora (Treponema denticola, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Bacteroides forsythus).