Immunomodulatory effect of cell therapy on the experimental inflammatory bowel disease model

Abstract

Dysregulation of innate and adaptive immunity is a central mechanism in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) that include Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Given the immunomodulatory properties of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSCs), developing new pathogenetic approaches to the IBD treatment using cell therapy seems to be promising.In this article, the effect of intra-arterial and intravenous MMSCs on in vitro monocytes/macrophages cytokine-producing function and splenocytes proliferative activity in laboratory animals with experimental IBD under the conditions of nonspecific and specific stimulation (mannan – cell wall component of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast) was studied.MMSC cultures have been shown to possess an immunomodulatory effect against the background of improved clinical, morphometric parameters, and the pathomorphological picture of experimental IBD damage. Intra-arterial and intravenous administration of cell cultures decreased the mannan-induced TNF-α production by CD68+ cells and mitogen/mannan-stimulated splenocyte proliferation that confirms the immunosuppressive effect of MMSC cultures on autoreactive splenocyte clones in experimental IBD. The obtained results testify to the anti-inflammatory effect of cell therapy in the experimental modeling of IBD and justified a combined administration of MMSC cultures.