Psychosomatic disorders: causes, development mechanisms, clinical manifestations and feasibilities of autopsychocorrection

Abstract

The article reviews the information on the problem of psychosomatic disorders (PSDs) widespread in human population. Attention is drawn to the insufficient awareness of general practitioners in this field of pathology. The true-life situations are considered that the cause development of PSDs and the role of negative thoughts and an emotional factor in their development. A general scheme of the PSD pathogenesis is suggested, which is based on the shift in the balance of the excitation and inhibition processes in CNS towards the prevalence of the former ones. Suppression of the inhibitory processes results in the decrease of the excitation thresholds of different afferent systems and in the development of general hyperesthesia that causes the organism hyperreactivity to the external and internal actions, including the subthreshold ones and stimuli. This underlies the mechanism of PSD clinical manifestations. A possible role of CNS stagnant centers of excitement in the development of PSDs and their ability to migrate in the brain, which reflects the migration of PSD symptoms in the organism, are viewed. Mental, neurologic, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, urination, sexual and skin manifestations of PSDs are discussed. General approaches to treating PSD patients are considered. The fundamental importance of the mood factor in the PSD development and alleviation is substantiated.