Fibrous anion exchanger with ternary amino groups as a component of the substrate for plants growing

Abstract

A set of studies necessary to determine the suitability of a fibrous anion exchanger with ternary amino groups based on industrial polyacrylonitrile fiber Nitron C as a component of ion substrates was carried out. A laboratory-prepared ion exchanger sample had a working exchange capacity equal to 0.9 meq/g for the nitrate anion, which limits the biological productivity of the substrate for growing plants, in the physiological pH range = 5.5–7.5 and the concentration of the equilibrium nutrient solution is 0.02 eq/l. This capacity is at the level of the best granular ion exchangers and significantly exceeds the capacity of the previously used fibrous ion exchangers for growing plants in zero gravity conditions on space stations in 1970–1994 (Mir, Soyuz TM-10 – TM-17). The synthesized ion exchanger is a polyampholyte and contains three types of ion exchange groups, has high hydrophilicity and mechanical properties that allow it to be processed into textiles and used for any purpose, in which fibrous ion exchangers can be used (air and water purification, human protection means, etc.).