INVESTIGATION OF ANTIANGIOGENIC AND APOPTOTIC EFFECTS OF GALANTAMINE OBTAINED FROM LEUCOJUM AESTIVUM ON MCF-7 BREAST CANCER CELL LINE

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The current study aims to investigate the antiangiogenic and apoptotic effects of galantamine in breast cancer cells and to add new information to the literature. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study, MCF-7 breast cancer cell line was used and galantamine was obtained from Leucojum aestivum by HPLC method. The effect of galantamine on cell viability was determined by CCK-8 assay at 9 different doses (control, 10, 40, 70, 100, 130, 160, 190, 210 μg/ml) including the control group. Then, to understand the effect of galantamine, other assays (total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels) were examined in 3 groups; control, LD50 (100 μg/ml) and high dose (210 μg/ml) group. The oxidative stress index (OSI) was then calculated. RESULTS: Galantamine decreased cell viability. The LD50 dose was determined as 100 μg/ml. There was no significant change in VEGF levels. There was a significant dose-dependent decrease in PARP levels (Control: 2.78667±0.155392, LD50: 1.51000±0.107145, High dose: 1.01000±0.054772 ng/L, p=0.000). Compared to the control group, there was a significant dose-related decrease in TAS data (Control: 0.09633±0.002658, LD50: 0.06283±0.002317, High dose: 0.04050±0.001871, p=0.000) and a significant dose-related increase in TOS data (Control: 0.12500±0.010488, LD50: 0.21667±0.015055, High dose: 0.31833±0.021370, p=0.000). A significant dose-related increase in OSI data was found. (Control: 129.964±13.018, LD50: 345.161±26.480, High dose: 788.485±78.575, p=0.000). CONCLUSIONS: It was determined that galantamine had no significant effect on angiogenesis at any dose based on VEGF levels. Galantamine had a negative effect on cell viability and proliferation at certain doses to MCF-7 cells and was found to increase oxidative stress. The decrease in PARP levels indicates the possibility that cells may result in an apoptotic process. These findings may be useful to take a different approach to the use of galantamine in cancer research.