Abstract
<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Oxygen sensors are used in combustion engines to determine the air/fuel ratio. Binary type lambda sensors offer high precision determination of lambda values close to stoichiometric combustion conditions (λ=1). While the wide band oxygen sensor allows for measurement of oxygen concentration over a wide range (λ = 0.7 to 16). While it is beneficial to use wide band sensors for all applications, binary sensors are preferred in 2Wheelers and Off road applications due to cost and size of sensor. Additional ASIC (application specific integrated circuit) and complex control software in engine control unit is not required to run a binary sensor. CCBS (continuous control of binary type sensor) allows a specific Bosch binary type sensor to linearize the sensor characteristic line and allow for closed loop fuel operation between λ =0.85 to 0.98. This results in a wider closed loop lambda operation during component protection zone of the engine. The sensor also, showed acceptable usage for catalyst monitoring in a lean operation zone. This software-based solution does not require any additional hardware on the vehicle, thus providing all the benefits at a reduced cost compared to a wide band sensor. This can be applied to various market segments including off-road, on-road, small, and large engines. Improved precision using active catalyst monitoring results in cost savings of catalysts and reduced calibration efforts. The software platform is flexible allowing the ability to choose binary control or continuous control or use a combination of both. Overall, the CCBS technology represents a significant improvement in precision control for engines and provides a practical solution for optimizing engine performance while reducing costs.</div></div>