Affiliation:
1. Harbin Engineering University
Abstract
<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Ammonia fuel is typically characterized by low viscosity, low flash point, and
non-flammability. This means that fuel characteristics and operational
requirements significantly deviate from those of conventional fuels, requiring a
significant technical upgrade to the existing fuel supply and injection systems.
This research involves a numerical analysis of ammonia utilization in
high-pressure direct injection. Considering the non-isothermal compressibility
of the fuel flow process, the fluid properties in the model are specifically
defined based on the physical properties of the ammonia fuel. The injection
performance of ammonia fuel was studied, including comparing the injection
performance of ammonia fuel with conventional diesel fuel under typical
operating conditions in the injector, and exploring the injection
characteristics of ammonia fuel injector under a wide fuel temperature range.
The results of ammonia injection indicate that the response characteristics of
liquid ammonia and diesel are slightly different. In terms of pressure
characteristics, the pressure fluctuation of liquid ammonia is significantly
smaller than that of diesel, and the fluctuation is more uniform. As for
temperature characteristics, the liquid ammonia oil chamber has a lower
temperature than the diesel oil chamber and reaches a stable state faster. In
addition, the operating conditions of the engine are prone to changes in the
phase state of ammonia fuel. The transition from liquid to supercritical state
of ammonia fuel at various temperatures and pressures reveals the corresponding
relationship between the phase transition zone of ammonia fuel and fuel
injection characteristics.</div></div>