Finite Element Analysis of Graphene Based Solar Photonic Battery for Electric Vehicle

Abstract

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The sun has tremendous potential to address the world’s increasing energy needs, but the increased cost of employing lunar power is a considerable hurdle when equated to more conventional energy sources. The low energy density and low conversion efficiency of solar radiation, expensive raw materials, and labor-intensive manufacturing process all contribute to the high cost of a photovoltaic system. In the last ten years, advances in nano science and nanotechnology have opened up new possibilities for the creation of effective solar cells. Designing semiconductor, metal, and polymer nanostructure designs for solar cells has become possible. Understanding the methods involved in the photovoltaic energy conversion like optical and electrical process, has also benefited from theoretical and modelling studies. The high price and insufficient efficiency of current solar cells prevent the widespread usage of solar energy. One-dimensional (1-D) nanomaterials have particularly opened up new design possibilities for more effective solar cells thanks to nanostructured materials. These nanostructures of 1D, such as nanowires, nanotubes and nanorods, present great potential for enhancing photon absorption, electron transit, and electron collection in solar cells. Graphene is a 2D hexagonal lattice of carbon atoms that is atomically thin. The remarkable mechanical properties of graphene are due to its structure, in which each carbon atom shares three of its four electrons in covalent bonds with its nearest neighbours (sp2 bonds). At the same time, the remaining fourth electrons are delocalized across the two-dimensional lattice in an orbital that accounts for the majority of the material’s optoelectronic capabilities. Also, Graphene is noted for having mobility that exceeds that of good metals. Furthermore, since a number of solution-based techniques, such as simple spin coating, may be used to create thin films of graphene a range of compositions can be created utilising low-cost, straightforward, and large-scale processes. In this work, graphene based photovoltaic cell is modeled and analysed based on finite element method.</div></div>