Unified Diagnostics Off-board Tool Development Testing

Abstract

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">In the rapidly evolving automotive landscape, integrating cutting-edge off-board diagnostics tools has triggered a paradigm shift in diesel engine applications. Simultaneously, engineers are compelled to transform conventional mechanical engines into advanced common rail direct injection (CRDi) systems amidst India’s changing pollution norms for industries. Aligned with Bharat Stage Emission Standards, non-road vehicles face stringent emission limits, necessitating complex electronic control predominantly managed by the engine control unit (ECU). Government mandates require the ECU to detect NOx control malfunctions and emission-affecting faults, storing data for off-board analysis. A tool that can read engine data and monitor engine health is required to deal with this situation.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">Network protocols such as CAN enable remote communication with specialized ECUs. This study examines implementing customized off-board tools, which helps easier coordination with protocols such as the unified diagnostic services (UDS) guided by ISO 14229, part 1 [<span class="xref">1</span>], keyword protocol (KWP), J1939, and the like. UDS protocol offers technicians access to vital engine parameters, helping in complex diagnostic procedures, and engine performance optimization. Moreover, the research focuses on an off-board tool that helps in diesel engine diagnostics.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper develops and validates a diagnostic tool for service engineers, accurately collecting data including faults, freezeframes, engine parameters, and emission data. It monitors engine health parameters such as rpm, oil pressure, coolant temperature, rail pressure, and the like, capturing part-specific data crucial for warranty considerations and does routine test validations. This diagnostic tool uses OTX to script diagnostic test procedures, while ODX is used for standardized ECU communication data. This method ensures accuracy and optimizes operations. Also, this paper emphasizes the pretest bench environment to avoid bugs during the initial stages of tool development using MATLAB environment and executes the RDBi feature.</div></div>